Электронный каталог

Статья

Zakharov, A.F.
Nearly Forgotten Results in Development of Physical Cosmology / A.F.Zakharov // Физика элементарных частиц и атомного ядра. – 2026. – Т. 57, № 5. – P. 908-909. – URL: https://www1.jinr.ru/Pepan/v-57-5/02_Zakharov_ann.pdf.

NICA is a tool to investigate the early Universe in laboratory. It would be reasonable to recall some essential issues in physical cosmology development. General Relativity (GR) was created by A. Einstein in 1915. In 1917, he proposed the first (static) cosmological model. Soon after that A. Eddington proved that the model is unstable, therefore it cannot be realizable in nature. In 1922 and 1924, A. A. Friedmann found nonstationary solutions for cosmological equations written in the framework of GR. In 1927, G. Lemaˆıtre obtained very similar results and, in addition, he derived the Hubble law (E. Hubble obtained this law from observations). Unfortunately, G. Lemaˆıtre published his paper in not very popular Belgium journal. In 1931, G. Lemaˆıtre proposed the first version of hot Universe model (he called it the hypothesis of the primeval atom). In his book “The Primeval Atom — An Essay on Cosmogony”, G. Lemaˆıtre predicted even a background radiation as a signature of his model. At the end of the 1940s, G. Gamow together with his students proposed his hot Universe model where he explained primordial nucleosythesis of helium at the initial stage of the Universe evolution. One of the properties of Lemaˆıtre–Gamow model was an existence of CMB radiation with a temperature around a few kelvins. It was recalled that the discovery of CMB radiation was done by T. Shmaonov in 1956, and his paper was published in 1957 (several years before the discovery done by A. Penzias and R.Wilson). In 1965, Soviet physicist E. B. Gliner proposed vacuum-like equation of matter which could correspond to exponential explosion of the Universe which was later called inflation. For decades in the USSR, A. A. Friedmann’s cosmologocal nonstationary models were treated as purely mathematical results without cosmological and astronomical applications. On September 16, 1925, A. A. Friedmann passed away untimely and it would be reasonable to remind today his great contribution to physical cosmology. “Similarly to Copernicus who forced the Earth to move, Friedmann forced the Universe to expand”



Спец.(статьи,препринты) = С 322.2 - Космология. Гравитационные волны
ОИЯИ = ОИЯИ (JINR)2026