Электронный каталог

Статья

Maksimov, M.
Diffraction by Circular and Triangular Apertures as a Diagnostic Tool of Twisted Matter Waves / M.Maksimov, N.Borodin, D.Naumov, [a.o.]. – Text : electronic // Physical Review A. – 2025. – Vol. 112, No. 6. – P. 062823. – URL: https://doi.org/10.1103/z2rs-2ryl. – Bibliogr.:.

We study diffraction of twisted matter waves—electrons and light ions carrying orbital angular momentum ℓ/ℏ=0,±1,±2,...—by circular and triangular apertures. Within the scalar Kirchhoff-Fresnel framework, circular apertures preserve cylindrical symmetry and produce ringlike far-field profiles whose radii and widths depend on |ℓ| but are insensitive to its sign. In contrast, equilateral triangles break axial symmetry and yield structured patterns that encode both the magnitude and the sign of ℓ. A transparent Fraunhofer mapping links detector coordinates to the Fourier plane, explaining the (|ℓ|+1)-lobe rule and the sign-dependent rotation of the pattern. We validate these results for both ideal Bessel beams and localized Laguerre-Gaussian packets, and we cross-check them by split-step Fourier propagation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. From these analyses we extract practical design rules—Fraunhofer distance, lattice pitch, and detector sampling—relevant to OAM diagnostics with moderately relativistic electrons of 𝐸kin∼0.1–5 MeV and light ions of 𝐸kin∼0.1–1 MeV/u. Our results establish triangular diffraction as a simple, passive, and robust method for reading out the OAM content of structured quantum beams.



ОИЯИ = ОИЯИ (JINR)2025